The narrator of a novel usually, although not always, also is the
protagonist. It's the ultimate "it's all about me" kind of storytelling,
epitomized by
David Copperfield in the novel by Charles Dickens.
"Chapter 1: I am born."
Some narrators are trustworthy. Their world is seen only through their eyes,
but they can be trusted to tell all they know and not to skew the facts in order
to fool you. And then there are the narrators who either have fooled themselves
so well you can't trust them or who are so arch they cannot be trusted. These
unreliable narrators are at the core of some of the finest storytelling we've
known, from Chaucer to Wilkie Collins to Stevens in Ishiguro's
The Remains
of the Day.
Just as rewarding for the reader who likes to be involved in discerning who
or what to believe is the naive narrator, such as Huck Finn. He accepts slavery
as a normal part of his world and recognizes that, in his world, he will go to
hell for helping Jim. And decides he can live with having transgressed. His
acceptance is not the same as deciding that his world is wrong. Naive narrators
are not reliable either, but it's because they don't know the ramifications of
everything that's going on. Stevens is this kind of narrator for most of
The
Remains of the Day. His single moment of near-realization is devastating in
the novel, and he backs away from self-knowledge quickly to return to
self-delusion.
Sometimes deciding whether the narrator can be trusted takes up a good deal
of the reader's attention. This was me when reading Julian Barnes's
The
Sense of an Ending, which won the Man Booker Prize last year.
Tony Webster
is in his late middle age, divorced yet still on good terms with his ex-wife,
the steady Margaret, distant yet polite with his daughter, the preoccupied
Susie. His story begins with odds and ends of his time at school and university
with his mates and first serious girlfriend, Veronica. Adrian, a newcomer at
school, becomes part of his circle. A schoolmate commits suicide after his
girlfriend becomes pregnant. At university, Veronica appears to be a tease but
Tony says he doesn't mind. He meets her family one weekend and no one appears
impressed. His friends meet her and, again, no one appears impressed. After Tony
and Veronica break up, he gets a letter from Adrian that he and Veronica are now
in a relationship. Tony's life goes on. But Adrian later kills himself.